DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-3872.2024.20.009
基金项目：陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司内部科研项目（DJNY2024-13）
作 者：刘泽鑫 ，王 钊 ，张晶晶
（陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司，陕西 西安 710075）
摘 要：【目的】盐碱地作为重要的新增耕地后备资源，对于维持耕地数量稳定、保障粮食安全起到至关重要的作用。传统的秸秆处理方式会带来空气污染、土壤退化等一系列的负面影响，因此提高秸秆的综合利用率、推动秸秆资源的环保高效利用对于我国农业的可持续发展和环境保护都具有重要意义。【方法】系统阐述了盐碱地改良措施现状及存在问题，包括物理法、化学法、生物法、水利法等盐碱地土地整治改良的方法，研究了秸秆利用现状及潜力，并综合分析了秸秆生物炭还田对盐碱地土壤物理性质、化学性质、养分及酶活性等的影响。【结果】秸秆生物炭还田在盐碱地治理过程中可以有效抑制土壤表层盐分的积累，优化盐碱地的土壤结构，解决土壤盐碱化问题，同时能够改善土壤理化性质，提升土壤肥力。【结论】秸秆生物炭还田是促进农业可持续发展的重要途径，在盐碱地治理中具有广阔的应用前景，未来可以不断优化改进秸秆生物炭还田的技术和方法，提高其改良效果和经济效益。
关键词：盐碱地；秸秆还田；生物炭；土壤
Study on the Effect of Straw Biochar Returning on Soil Characteristics of Saline-Alkali Land
Liu Zexin, Wang Zhao, Zhang Jingjing
(Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co.,Ltd., Shaanxi Xi’an 710075)
Abstract: [Objective] Saline-alkali land as an important reserve resource for newly added arable land, plays a crucial role in maintaining stable arable land quantity and ensuring food security. The traditional straw processing method can bring a series of negative impacts such as air pollution and soil degradation. Therefore, improving the comprehensive utilization rate of straw and promoting the environmentally friendly and efficient utilization of straw resources are of great significance for the sustainable development of agriculture and environmental protection in China. [Method] The current situation and existing problems of saline-alkali land improvement measures were systematically expounded, including physical methods, chemical methods, biological methods, water conservancy methods and other methods of saline-alkali land improvement. The current situation and potential of straw utilization were studied, and the impact of straw biochar returning on the physical properties, chemical properties, nutrients and enzyme activity of saline-alkali land was comprehensively analyzed. [Result] Straw biochar returning can effectively inhibit the accumulation of surface salt in saline-alkali land, optimize the soil structure of saline-alkali land, solve the problem of soil salinization, and improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, thereby enhancing soil fertility. [Conclusion] Straw biochar returning is an important way to promote sustainable agricultural development and has broad application prospects in the treatment of saline-alkali land. In the future, the technology and methods of straw biochar returning can be continuously optimized and improved to enhance its improvement effect and economic benefits.
Keywords: saline-alkali land; straw returning; biochar; soil
引文信息：[1]刘泽鑫，王钊，张晶晶.秸秆生物炭还田对盐碱地土壤特性影响的研究[J].南方农机，2024，55(20)：35-38.
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