DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-3872.2025.11.004
基金项目：贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合支撑[2021]一般255）
作 者：张健伟1 ，徐 曼2 ，陈永前3 ，穆亚平3 ，陶 波3
（1. 毕节市农业区划中心，贵州 毕节 551700；2. 毕节市农业机械研究所，贵州 毕节 551700；3. 毕节市农机安全服务中心，贵州 毕节 551700）
摘 要：【目的】为半夏排种机械设计提供相关的物料性能数据，提高国内市场的半夏产能。【方法】对半夏种子的物理机械特性进行相关试验研究，测定半夏种子的三轴尺寸、密度、不同含水率下的内摩擦角、与不同材料间的静滑动摩擦角与动滑动摩擦角、漂浮速度、休止角等参数。【结果】半夏种子的长、宽、高范围分别为8.0~19.0 mm、7.0~18.0 mm、7.0~17.0 mm；平均直径为12.0 mm，呈椭圆形；当半夏种子含水率在20%~60%时，种子的密度范围为1.11~1.26 g·m-3 ；半夏种子与不锈钢斜板接触时，静滑动摩擦角范围为27.16°~31.57°，动滑动摩擦角范围为18.53°~21.23°；与PVC斜板接触时，静滑动摩擦角范围为30.15°~35.69°，动滑动摩擦角范围为20.10°~24.05°；含水率从40%增加至60%时，半夏种子的休止角从31.4°增加至37.3°，内摩擦角则从27.4°增加至29.9°；含水率在20%~60%时，半夏种子的漂浮速度范围为6.15 m/s~10.13 m/s。【结论】半夏种子的密度随着种子含水率的升高而不断增加；不同含水率下，种子与PVC板的静滑动摩擦角相对较大，而与不锈钢板的静滑动摩擦角相对较小；随着半夏种子含水率的提高，种子的休止角和内摩擦角均表现出先增大、后减小、再增大的趋势；随着种子含水率的升高，漂浮速度也随之增大，表现出线性相关关系。
关键词：半夏种子；物理机械特性；含水率
Experimental Study on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pinellia Ternata Seeds
Author:Zhang Jianwei1, Xu Man2, Chen Yongqian3, Mu Yaping3, Tao Bo3
(1.Bijie Agricultural Division Center, Bijie 551700, China; 2.Bijie Agricultural Machinery Research Institute, Bijie 551700, China; 3.Bijie Agricultural Machinery Safety Service Center, Bijie 551700, China)
Abstract: [Objective] To provide relevant material performance data for the design of Pinellia ternata sowing machinery and improve the production capacity of Pinellia ternata in the domestic market. [Method] Conduct relevant experimental research on the physical and mechanical properties of Pinellia ternata seeds, and measure parameters such as triaxial size, density, internal friction angle at different moisture contents, static and dynamic sliding friction angles with different materials, floating velocity, and angle of repose of Pinellia ternata seeds. [Result] The length, width, and height ranges of Pinellia ternata seeds are 8.0~19.0 mm, 7.0~18.0 mm, and 7.0~17.0 mm, respectively; The average diameter is 12.0 mm, presenting an elliptical shape; When the moisture content of Pinellia ternata seeds is between 20% and 60%, the density range of the seeds is 1.11~1.26 g·m-3; When Pinellia ternata seeds come into contact with a stainless steel inclined plate, the static sliding friction angle range is 27.16°~31.57°, and the dynamic sliding friction angle range is 18.53°~21.23°; When in contact with PVC inclined plates, the static sliding friction angle range is 30.15°~35.69°, and the dynamic sliding friction angle range is 20.10°~24.05°; When the moisture content increases from 40% to 60%, the angle of repose of Pinellia ternata seeds increases from 31.4° to 37.3°, and the internal friction angle increases from 27.4° to 29.9°; When the moisture content is between 20% and 60%, the floating speed range of Pinellia ternata seeds is 6.15 m/s to 10.13 m/s. [Conclusion] The density of Pinellia ternata seeds increases continuously with the increase of seed moisture content. At different moisture contents, the static sliding friction angle between seeds and PVC plates is relatively large, while the static sliding friction angle with stainless steel plates is relatively small. As the moisture content of Pinellia ternata seeds increases, the angle of repose and internal friction of the seeds show a trend of first increasing, then decreasing, and then increasing again. As the moisture content of the seeds increases, the floating speed also increases, showing a linear correlation.
Keywords: Pinellia ternata seeds; physical and mechanical properties; moisture content
引文信息：[1]张健伟，徐曼，陈永前，等.半夏种子的物理机械特性试验研究[J].南方农机，2025，56(11)：14-19.
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