DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672-3872.2025.21.012
基金项目：聊城职业技术学院科技计划项目“基于单片机控制的大棚蔬菜采摘运输设备的研究与设计”（2022LZYK03）
作 者：丁海峰 ，王 霄（聊城职业技术学院，山东 聊城 252000）
摘 要：【目的】解决温室大棚作业中蔬菜采摘费时费力、劳动效率低等问题。【方法】设计了一款性价比较高的大棚蔬菜采摘助力小车。该装备使用永磁式直流电机驱动，车厢内部采用曲柄滑块机构控制的升降平台，滑块上配置的压力传感器可实时监测菜筐重量。同时，小车后侧板上配置了收纳袋，方便工人放置手机和劳动工具；小车前侧板上安装了可折叠置物架，方便农民放置空菜筐，转向时可收起，方便小车在田间地头转弯。此外，在小车上安装了照明灯，方便农民在光线不足时采摘蔬菜。【结果】该大棚蔬菜采摘助力小车结构简单、造价低、使用方便，减少了农民往返地头送菜的时间，降低了人工劳动强度，提高了劳动效率。【结论】该采摘助力小车除运输蔬菜外，还可以作为载体，携带工具完成喷药、浇灌等其他农业作业，具有较大的经济效益和社会价值以及良好的市场前景。
关键词：大棚蔬菜；采摘助力；曲柄滑块机构；自动计量
Research and Design of Small Vehicles for Assisting in the Picking of Greenhouse Vegetables
Author: Ding Haifeng, Wang Xiao (Liaocheng Vocational and Technical College, Liaocheng 252000, China)
Abstract: [Objective] To solve the problems of time-consuming and labor-intensive vegetable harvesting, as well as low labor efficiency in greenhouse operations. [Method] A cost-effective greenhouse vegetable picking assistance car was designed. This equipment is driven by a permanent magnet DC motor, and the interior of the car adopts a crank slider mechanism to control the lifting platform. The pressure sensor on the slider can monitor the weight of the vegetable basket in real time. At the same time, the rear side panel of the car is equipped with a storage bag, which is convenient for workers to place their phones and work tools. The front side panel of the car is equipped with a foldable storage rack, which is convenient for farmers to place empty vegetable baskets. It can be retracted when turning, making it easy for the car to turn in the fields. In addition, lighting fixtures have been installed on the small car to facilitate farmers in picking vegetables in low light conditions. [Result] The vegetable picking assistance cart in the greenhouse has a simple structure, low cost, and easy use, reducing the time for farmers to travel back and forth to deliver vegetables, lowering the intensity of manual labor, and improving labor efficiency. [Conclusion] In addition to transporting vegetables, the picking assistance cart can also serve as a carrier, carrying tools to complete other agricultural operations such as spraying and watering, with significant economic benefits, social value, and good market prospects.
Keywords: greenhouse vegetables; picking assistance; crank-slider mechanism; automatic measurement
引文信息：[1]丁海峰，王霄.大棚蔬菜采摘助力小车的研究与设计[J].南方农机，2025，56(21)：44-46.
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