以工程创新能力为导向的“机电一体化”课程教学模式探索

作者：李炳初，杨丽红，孙福佳（上海理工大学机械学院，上海 200240）

 

摘　要：【目的】“机电一体化”是机械电子工程专业的重要基础课程，是培养机械电子工程专业学生创新能力的重要载体，需要围绕更好提升学生工程创新能力而不断探索改进教学模式，探讨新教学理念与教学技术，提升教学效果。【方法】课题组结合机械电子工程学科特点，提出“机电一体化”课程教学模式从“理论教学为主，实践教学为辅”转变为“理论教学、实践教学与工程教学相互支撑”的模式，从教学目标、教学内容和教学模式等方面剖析理论教学、实践教学与工程教学三个阶段。理论教学应注重知识结构完整性，实践教学可加深对理论知识的理解，工程教学注重问题分析能力和知识灵活运用能力，以工程案例教学和工程项目教学相结合的模式，展示其教学要点。同时，围绕创新能力培养，在总结创新能力培养的一般方法的基础上，提出以科研项目为支撑开拓学生视野并锻炼学生良好思维的方法。【结果】可以引导学生总结和反思所学内容，帮助他们进一步深化理解和应用所学知识，有效提高了学生的学习兴趣和主动性，提高了学生的实际应用能力和创新能力，培养了学生解决实际工程问题的能力。【结论】在机电一体化理论教学中，教师结合具体的案例和实践，加强学生的理论与实践的结合，可提升“机电一体化”课程教学品质，对提升机电领域创新人才培养质量有较好的启发意义。

关键词：“机电一体化”；工程创新能力；教学模式；翻转课堂；元宇宙

 

Abstract: [Objective] “Mechatronics Integration” is an important basic course in the field of mechanical and electronic engineering, and an important carrier for cultivating the innovative ability of students in the field of mechanical and electronic engineering. It is necessary to continuously explore and improve teaching models, explore new teaching concepts and techniques, and enhance teaching effectiveness to better enhance students’ engineering innovation ability. [Method] According to the characteristics of mechanical and electronic engineering, the teaching mode of “Mechatronics Integration” course was proposed to change from “theory teaching as the main and practice teaching as the auxiliary” to “theory teaching, practice teaching and engineering teaching are mutually supported”, and the three stages of theory teaching, practice teaching and engineering teaching were analyzed from the aspects of teaching objectives, teaching content and teaching mode. The theoretical teaching should focus on the integrity of knowledge structure. The practical teaching can deepen the understanding of theoretical knowledge. The engineering teaching should focus on the ability to analyze problems and flexibly apply knowledge. The mode of combining engineering case method and engineering project teaching should be used to show the teaching essentials. At the same time, based on summarizing the general methods of cultivating innovation ability, it is proposed to use scientific research projects as support to broaden students’ horizons and exercise their good thinking methods. [Result] It can guide students to summarize and reflect on the content they have learned, help them further deepen their understanding and application of the knowledge they have learned, effectively improve their learning interest and initiative, enhance their practical application and innovation abilities, and cultivate their ability to solve practical engineering problems. [Conclusion] In the teaching of mechatronics theory, teachers should combine specific cases and practices to strengthen the combination of theory and practice among students, which can improve the teaching quality of the “Mechatronics Integration” course and have good inspiration for improving the quality of innovative talent cultivation in the field of mechatronics.

Keywords: “Mechatronics Integration”; engineering innovation ability; teaching mode; flipped classroom; metaverse